Strategies For Forming Actions to Determine The Next Speaker in Informal Conversations: a Comparative Study in Javanese And Japanese

Nirbito Hanggoro Pribadi; Kenfitria Diah Wijayanti; Astiana Ajeng Rahadini; Favorita Kurwidaria; Dewi Pangestu Said; Prima Veronika; Eni Sri Budi Lestari

Authors

Nirbito Hanggoro Pribadi Universitas Sebelas Maret
Kenfitria Diah Wijayanti Universitas Sebelas Maret
Astiana Ajeng Rahadini Universitas Sebelas Maret
Favorita Kurwidaria Universitas Sebelas Maret
Dewi Pangestu Said Universitas Sebelas Maret
Prima Veronika Universitas Sebelas Maret
Eni Sri Budi Lestari Tenri University

Keywords:

determining the next speaker, informal communication, Javanese language, Japanese language

Abstract

This study explores techniques for determining the next speaker in informal conversations involving Javanese and Japanese-speaking adolescents. The focus of the study is on the techniques used by these speakers to determine the next speaker. The dataset was obtained through observation of informal conversations between Javanese and Japanese-speaking adolescents. The collected data was then analysed using conversation analysis by looking at the practice of using strategies to determine the next speaker, both verbal and non-verbal. The results show that name greetings and eye contact gestures are used as effective techniques to deal with the issue of orientation regarding who will be the next speaker. These findings offer a dimension for describing similarities and specific techniques in the diversity and commonalities of cross-linguistic and cross-cultural conversations.

References

Abidin, Y. Z. (2018) Pengantar Retorika. Jakarta: Pustaka Setia.

Allwood, J. (2000) ‘An activity-based approach to pragmatics’, in Bunt, H. and Black, W. (eds) Abduction, Belief and Context in Dialogue; Studies in Computational Pragmatics. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, pp. 47–80.

Auer, P. (2021) ‘Turn-allocation and gaze: A multimodal revision of the “current-speaker- selects-next” rule of the turn-taking system of conversation analysis’, Discourse Studies, 23(2), pp. 117–140. doi: 10.1177/1461445620966922.

Blythe, J. et al. (2018) ‘Tools of Engagement: Selecting a Next Speaker in Australian Aboriginal Multiparty Conversations’, Research on Language and Social Interaction, 51(2), pp. 145–170. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/08351813.2018.1449441.

Gusdian, R. I. (2016) ‘Penggunaan Kata Sapaan Oleh Pembawa Aacara Apa Kabar Indonesia (AKI) Di TV ONE’, KEMBARA: Jurnal Keilmuan Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya, 2(2), pp. 212–215. doi: 10.22219/kembara.v2i2.4006.

Hamdani, F., Barnes, S. and Blythe, J. (2022) ‘Questions with address terms in Indonesian conversation: Managing next-speaker selection and action formation’, Journal of Pragmatics, 200, pp. 194–210. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2022.08.010.

Hira, H. H. et al. (2025) ‘Faktor Kebahasaan dan Nonkebahasaan sebagai Penunjang Berbicara dalam Pidato Mendikbudristek Nadiem Makarim Soal Pendidikan RI’, Kopula, 7(1), pp. 142–152. doi: 10.29303/kopula.v7i1.6216.

Ishii, R. et al. (2016) ‘Prediction of Who Will Be the Next Speaker and When Using Gaze Behavior in Multiparty Meetings’, ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems, 6(1), pp. 1–31. doi: https://doi.org/10.1145/2757284.

Ishii, R. et al. (2019) ‘Prediction of Who Will Be Next Speaker and When Using Mouth-Opening Pattern in Multi-Party Conversation †’, Multimodal Technologies Interaction, 3(4), pp. 1–24. doi: 10.3390/mti3040070.

Lerner, G. H. (2003) ‘Selecting next speaker: The context-sensitive operation of a context-free organization’, Language in Society, 32(2), pp. 177–201. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S004740450332202X.

Lerner, G. H. (2019) ‘When Someone Other than the Addressed Recipient Speaks Next: Three Kinds of Intervening Action After the Selection of Next Speaker’, Research on Language and Social Interaction, 52(4), pp. 388–405. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/08351813.2019.1657280.

Marzuki, I. (2011) ‘Interaksi Verbal Sebagai Pembentuk Identitas Personal dan Kelompok Pada Mahasiswa Pascasrajana Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia UMM Tahun 2015’, Jurnal Frasa:Jurnal KeilmuanBahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya, 2(1), pp. 47–54.

Miles, M. B. and Huberman, A. M. (1994) Qualitative Data Analysis. London: SAGE Publication.

Petukhova, V. and Bunt, H. (2009) ‘Who’s next? Speaker-selection mechanisms in multiparty dialogue’, in Edlund, J. et al. (eds) DiaHolmia. Stokckholm: Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) Department of Speech Music and Hearing, pp. 19–26.

Rahmayati, Z. M. and Irwandi (2021) ‘Foto Potret “Comfort Women” Karya Jan Banning: Analisis Tatapan Mata Menggunakan Metode Gramatika Visual’, Spectã, 5(1), pp. 37–50. doi: doi.org/10.24821/specta.v5i1.3758.

Royanti, W. and Rahmawati, S. (2023) ‘Komunikasi Interpersonal Guru dalam Menunjang Minat Belajar Siswa Siswi Madrasah Aliyah Sepaku di Kawasan Ibu Kota Negara Nusantara’, Journal of Sustainable Transformation, 1(2), pp. 81–88. doi: 10.59310/jst.v1i2.17.

Rusbiyantoro, W. (2011) ‘Penggunaan Kata Sapaan dalam Bahasa Melayu Kutai’, Parole, 2(1), pp. 59–76.

Sacks, H., Schegloff, E. A. and Jefferson, G. (1974) ‘A Simplest Systematics for the Organization of Turn-Taking for Conversation’, Linguistic Society of America, 50(4), pp. 696–735. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/412243.

Sugiyanto, R. (2009) ‘Penerapan Metode Bertanya dalam Kegiatan Praktek Lapangan Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Mengemukakan Pendapat Mahasiswa’, Jurnal Geografi, 6(2), pp. 80–90.

Sunarni, Patriantoro and Seli, S. (2023) ‘Kata Sapaan Dalam Bahasa Dayak Kanayatn: Kajian Sosiolinguistik’, INNOVATIVE: Journal Of Social Science Research, 3(3), pp. 6622–6636.

Weiss, C. (2018) ‘When gaze-selected next speakers do not take the turn’, Journal of Pragmatics, 133, pp. 28–44. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2018.05.016.