The Effect of WPM (Woody Potent Medium) Dosage on the In Vitro Development of Milo Pace Variety Robusta Coffee Leaf Explants: Pengaruh Dosis Media WPM (Woody Pant Medium) Terhadap Perkembangan Eksplan Daun Kopi Robusta Varietas Milo Pace Secara In Vitro

Rana Az Zahra; Muhammad Burhanuddin Irsyadi; Dwi Erwin Kusbianto; Hasbi Mubarok Suud; Muhammad Ghufron Rosyadi; Distian Wulanjari; Oria Alit Farisi

Authors

Rana Az Zahra Universitas Jember
Muhammad Burhanuddin Irsyadi Universitas Jember
Dwi Erwin Kusbianto Universitas Jember
Hasbi Mubarok Suud Universitas Jember
Muhammad Ghufron Rosyadi Universitas Jember
Distian Wulanjari Universitas Jember
Oria Alit Farisi Universitas jember

Keywords:

Explant, Robusta Coffee, WPM, Dose

Abstract

Milo pace robusta coffee is a local coffee variety in Jember Regency that is threatened with extinction. One way to overcome this problem is by propagating it through tissue culture. The success of tissue culture is determined by the use of optimal culture media doses. Research related to the development of Milo pace coffee is still very limited. This study aims to obtain the best dose in woody plant medium media for the development of robusta coffee leaf explants of the Milo pace variety. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with a single factor, namely the WPM media dose (1 time, ¾ times, ½ times and MS 1 time as a control) which was repeated 3 times with 3 samples. Data were analyzed descriptively and statistically using analysis of variance, and continued with the DMRT test at a 95% confidence level. The results showed that the use of WPM media with 1 dose was the best dose with a percentage of imbibed explants of 77.77% with an average emergence at 2.53 ± 0.68 DAI and green live explants. Furthermore, the percentage of browning explants was still high at 88.89±19.24%, which appeared at 9.96±1.73 DAI. Various doses of WPM media were unable to induce callus in Milo Pace robusta coffee leaf explants.

Author Biography

Muhammad Burhanuddin Irsyadi, Universitas Jember

-

References

Adju, F. Y. H., Ahmad, J., Pagalla, D. B., Kandowangko, N. Y., Husain, I., & Isima, L. (2025). In Vitro Callus Induction from (Antidesma bunius L.) Leaves. BIOVALENTIA: Biological Research Journal, 11(1), 40–46. https://doi.org/10.24233/biov.11.1.2025.451

Ajijah, N. (2016). Effect of Basal Medium Composition and Explant Type on the Formation of Cacao Somatic Embryo. Journal of Industrial and Beverage Crops, 3(3), 127–134.

Anggraeni, D., Ismaini, L., Surya, M. I., Rahmi, H., & Saputro, N. W. (2022). Inisiasi Kalus Daun Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd pada Beberapa Kombinasi Konsentrasi Zat Pengatur Tumbuh 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyatic Acid dan Benzyl Adenine. Agrikultura, 33(3), 276. https://doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v33i3.40540

Asmono, S. L., Rahmawati, Husna, H., Sulala, A., Auliya, S., & Cahyono, E. H. (2024). Pembentukan Kalus pada Eksplan Daun Kopi Robusta dan Arabika pada Beberapa Konsentrasi Media MS (Murashige and Skoog). AGROPROSSNational ConferenceProceedings of Agriculture, 1, 574–581.

Dewi, A., Darmawati, I., & Semarajaya, C. (2016). Inisiasi Kalus Embriogenik Stroberi (Fragaria Sp.) dengan Pemberian IBA (Indolebutyricacid) dan BAP (Benzylaminopurine). E-Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika, 5(3), 243–253.

Dwi Hartanti, L., Maharani, L., & Sucianingtyas Sukamto, D. (2017). Perbandingan Kombinasi Konsentrasi ZPT (BAP & NAA) Media WPM Terhadap Induksi Kalus Pada Eksplan Daun Muda Tanaman Karet (Hevea brasilliensis Muell. Arg). Prosiding Seminar Nasional SIMBIOSIS II, 246–254.

Gawad, A. El, Nehad, M. A., Mahdy, H. A., & Boshra, E. S. (2012). In Vitro Micropropagation Protocol And Acclimatization Of Coffee Trees (Coffea arabica L.). J. Plant Production, 3(1), 109–116. https://doi.org/10.21608/jpp.2012.84031

Haezer, E. (2023, November 21). Kopi Milo Pace Ditetapkan Jadi Varietas Kopi Robusta Asal Jember. TribunMataram.com.

Han, M., Gleave, A. P., & Wang, T. (2010). Efficient Transformation of Actinidia arguta by Reducing the Strength of Basal Salts in the Medium to Alleviate Callus Browning. Plant Biotechnology Reports, 4(2), 129–138. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11816-010-0128-1

Handayani, E, Irsyadi, M. B., Alawiyah, R. L. M. N., & Aris, I. (2022). Effect of Explants Sterilization and Plant Growth Regulators on Embryo Culture of Kepel (Stelechocarpus burahol). IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 985(012016). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/985/1/012016

Hardarani, N, Zahra, S. N., Wahdah, R., & Juharni, J. (2023). Respon Eksplan Buku Durian Lahung (Durio dulcis) terhadap Konsentrasi BAP (Benzil Amino Purin) pada Media WPM (Woody Plant Medium). Daun: Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian Dan Kehutanan, 10(2), 235–247. https://doi.org/10.33084/daun.v10i2.6091

Hariono, E., Isda, M. N., & Fatonah, S. (2018). Pembentukan Nodul Dari Biji Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.) Asal Bengkalis Pada Media WPM Dengan Penambahan BAP Dan Madu. Al-Kauniyah: Jurnal Biologi, 11(1), 15–24. https://doi.org/10.15408/kauniyah.v11i1.5422

Indah, P. N., & Ermavitalini, D. (2013). Induksi Kalus Daun Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum Linn.) pada Beberapa Kombinasi Konsentrasi 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) dan 2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D). Jurnal Sains Dan Seni Pomits, 2(1), E1-6. https://doi.org/10.12962/j23373520.v2i1.2571

Kusbianto, D. E., Irsyadi, M. B., Hasanah, R., & Az-zahra, R. (2025). Effectiveness of Sterilization Methods of Coffee Leaf Explants (Coffea canephora Var. Milo Pace ) To Decrease Contamination. Journal of Soilscape and Agriculture, 3(2), 112–119.

Lengkong, E. F. (2023). Growth Of Potato Seeds (Solanum tuberesum L.) On MS Media Substituted With Coconut Water. Agroteknologi Terapan, 4(2), 122–129. https://doi.org/10.35791/jat.v4i2.50675

Liu, Y., Chen, J., Li, X., & Xue, Y. (2021). Effect of Different Factors on Plant Regeneration From Leaf Explants of Jatropha curcas L. Agronomy Journal, 113(2), 734–745. https://doi.org/10.1002/agj2.20435

Purba, R. V, Yuswanti, H., & Astawa, I. N. G. (2017). Induksi Kalus Eksplan Daun Tanaman Anggur (Vitis vinivera L.) dengan Aplikasi 2,4-D Secara in Vitro. E-Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Tropika, 6(2), 218–228. ISSN 2301-6515.

Purwandhini, A. S., Pudjiastutik, W., & Suhaeriyah, N. E. (2023). Analisis Perwilayahan Komoditas Kopi. Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian, 19(3), 167–178. https://doi.org/10.20956/jsep.v19i2.25124

Rahmadi, A., Wicaksana, N., Nurhadi, B., Suminar, E., Pakki, S. R. T., & Mubarok, S. (2021). Induksi Kalus pada Eksplan Daun Muda Tanaman Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.) Klon Baru Kamajaya dengan Kombinasi Zat Pengatur Tumbuh 2,4-D dan Kinetin Secara In Vitro. Agrikultura, 31(3), 222. https://doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v31i3.29388

Rahmadianto, A. P. (2019). Peran Pengembangan Perkebunan Kopi Terhadap Kondisi Ekonomi Masyarakat Desa Pace Kecamatan Silo Kabupaten Jember. Jurnal Geografi Gea, 19(2), 84–87.

Rahmawati, L., & Lukmana, M. (2018). Respon Eksplan Daun Karet Dalam Media Wpm Dengan Penambahan 2,4-D Pada Berbagai Perlakuan Lama Perendaman Sterilisasi. Agrisains, 4(2), 1–5.

Rebrov, A. N., & Ventsenostseva, N. S. (2024). Influence of Concentration and Formulation of Macrosalts in the Nutrient Medium on the Indicators of Meristem Regeneration at the Stage of Introduction to Culture In Vitro in Some Aboriginal Don grapes varieties. Fruit Growing and Viticulture of South Russia, 5(89), 72–81. https://doi.org/10.30679/2219-5335-2024-5-89-72-81

Rismayanti, A. Y., & Nafi’ah, H. H. (2021). Modifikasi Media Pada Induksi Kalus Kopi Arabika (Coffea Arabica L.) Berbuah Kuning. Agro Wiralodra, 4(2), 42–49. https://doi.org/10.31943/agrowiralodra.v4i2.60

Sarah, Nurcahyani, E., Handayani, T. T., & Mahfut. (2023). Respon Pemberian Ekstrak Tauge (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek) Pada Medium Murashige and Skoog Terhadap Pertumbuhan Sawi Hijau (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis L.) In Vitro. BIOMA: Jurnal Biologi Makassar, 8(2), 88–95. https://doi.org/10.20956/bioma.v8i2.27055

Sarianti, J., Zulaikha, S., Wulandari, M. A., Silva, S., Rizky, Z. N., Nurokhman, A., & Yachya, A. (2022). The Effect Of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D) And Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) On Shoot Induction From Folium And Petioulus Communis Exsplans Of Duku Plant (Lansium domesticum Corr.). Stigma, 15(2), 52–59 https://doi.org/10.36456/stigma.15.01.5606.38-45 .

Setiawati, T., Zahra, A., Budiono, R., & Nurzaman, M. (2018). Perbanyakan In Vitro Tanaman Kentang (Solanum tuberosum [L.] cv. Granola) Dengan Penambahan Meta-Topolin Pada Media Modifikasi MS (Murashige & Skoog). J U R N A L M E T A M O R F O S A, 50(1), 44–50. https://doi.org/10.24843/metamorfosa.2018.v05.i01.p07

Sugianto. (2024, Februari 20). Pohon Kopi Milo Ikon Khas Jember Dibabat Habis ini Penyebabnya. BanyuwangiVIVA.com.

Sundari, L., Siregar, A. M., & Hanafiah, S. D. (2015). Respon Eksplan Nodus dalam Inisiasi Tunas Mikro Tanaman Karet (Hevea brasilliensis Muell. Arg) dalam Medium WPM. Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi, 3. https://doi.org/10.32734/jaet.v3i1.9381

Vrundha, C. P. K., & Thomas, T. D. (2023). Control of Media Browning During Micropropagation and Assessment of Biochemical and Clonal Fidelity of In Vitro-Derived and Mother Plants in Thottea siliquosa (Lamk.) Ding Hou., an Important Ethnomedicinal Shrub. Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s43141-023-00523-8

Wijaya, B. E., Dwiyani, R., & Mayadewi, N. N. A. (2023). Induksi dan Multiplikasi Kalus Eucalyptus sp. pada Berbagai Media Callus Induction Medium (CIM) Secara In Vitro. Agrotrop : Journal on Agriculture Science, 13(1), 76–84. https://doi.org/10.24843/AJoAS.2023.v13.i01.p07

Wirawan, O.A. (2024, Maret 26). Dinas TPHP Jember: Butuh 2 Tahun Pulihkan Varietas Baru Kopi yang Dibabat. Berita Jatim.com.

Zuta-Puscan, M., Meléndez-Mori, J. B., Huaman-Huaman, E., Lapiz-Culqui, Y. K., Mego-Pérez, R. S., & Oliva-Cruz, M. (2025). Standardization Of Micropropagation For Four Hybrids Of Coffea Arabica Through Direct Somatic Embryogenesis. Agronomy, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15010108