Effectiveness of Ethanolic Extract of Mangrove Root Bark (Avicennia marina (Forssk) Vierh) as a Biolarvicide against Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Mosquito Larvae (Aedes aegypti L.)

Hana Fadilah; Endah Setyaningrum; Enur Azizah; Emantis Rosa

doi:10.32938/jbe.v11i2.11123

Authors

Hana Fadilah Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia
Endah Setyaningrum Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia
Enur Azizah Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia
Emantis Rosa Universitas Lampung, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32938/jbe.v11i2.11123

Keywords:

Aedes aegypti L., Avicennia marina, Biolarvicide, DHF, Mangrove roots

Abstract

The Aedes aegypti L. Mosquito is the primary vector causing Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF), with cases surging during the rainy season due to stagnant water serving as breeding sites. Although synthetic larvicides are effective, they pose potential negative impacts on health and the environment, necessitating safer alternatives such as the biolarvicide from the ethanol extract of Avicennia marina root bark. This study aimed to identify the secondary metabolites in A. marina root bark, determine the effectiveness of its ethanol extract against Ae. aegypti larvae, and observe its effects on the morphological changes of Ae. aegypti. This experimental study utilized five treatments (10%, 12%, 14%, positive control, and negative control) with four replications, each containing 20 third-instar Ae. aegypti larvae treated with the ethanol extract of A. marina root bark. Observations were conducted at 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours post-treatmen. Data were analyzed using probit analysis to calculate the Lethal Concentration₅₀ (LC₅₀) and Lethal Time₅₀ (LT₅₀) values. The results showed that the ethanol extract of A. marina root bark contains secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, and terpenoids. The extract was effective at a 14% concentration, yielding an LC₅₀ value of 13.949% and an LT₅₀ value of 75.133 hours. Furthermore, the ethanol extract of A. marina root bark caused morphological damage to the larval head, thorax, abdomen, and siphon, as well as a decrease in larval motility.

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