Isolasi dan Identifikasi Molekular Bakteri Asam Laktat Penghasil Antimikrobia dari Saluran Pencernaan Belut (Monopterus albus) Isolasi dan Identifikasi Molekular Bakteri Asam Laktat Penghasil Antimikrobia dari Saluran Pencernaan Belut (Monopterus albus)
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Abstract
Isolasi bakteri asam laktat menggunakan sampel saluran pencernaan belut (Monopterus albus). Belut yang digunakan diperoleh dari pasar Yogyakarta. Hasil isolasi diperoleh sebanyak tigabelas isolat, bakteri hasil isolasi selanjutnya dikarakterisasi secara fenotipik untuk memilih bakteri asam laktat. Hasil karakterisasi fenotipik diperoleh tujuh isolat yang sesuai dengan karakter bakteri asam laktat (ciri bakteri asam laktat bersifat gram positif dan katalase negatif). Tujuh isolat tersebut kemudian diuji kemampuannya dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri patogen (Aeromonas hydrophila, Staphylococcus aureus, dan Vibrio harveyi). Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa tujuh isolat bakteri asam laktat memiliki aktivitas antimikroba yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri patogen. Penghambatan terhadap bakteri uji mengindikasikan bahwa bakteri tersebut mampu menghasilkan antimikrobia. Tiga terbaik dari tujuh isolat bakteri diidentifikasi secara molekular menggunakan gen 16Sr RNA dengan primer 27F (5'-AGAGTTTAGTCCTGGCTCAG-3') dan 1492R (5'-GGTTACCTTGTTACGACTT-3'). Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa tiga isolat bakteri merupakan spesies Lactococcus lactis.
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